Examinando por Autor "Bobadilla Rivera, Leidy Gheraldine"

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Agromorphological characterization of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) accessions from the germplasm bank of the National Institute of Agrarian Innovation, Peru
(Elsevier, 2022-10-04) Vásquez García, Jheiner; Santos Peláez, Julio César; Malqui Ramos, Roiber; Vigo Mestanza, Carmen Natividad; Alvarado Chuqui, Wigoberto; Bobadilla Rivera, Leidy Gheraldine
Agromorphological characterization of cacao accessions in Peru is currently an important tool in the conservation and genetic improvement of cacao germplasm. The objective of this study was to carry out the morphological and agronomic characterization of 113 cacao accessions from the Huarangopampa germplasm bank. Tree, leaf, flower, fruit and seed descriptors were used. The data collected were processed by descriptive statistics using multivariate techniques. Five groups were formed according to similar characteristics. The accessions of group 1 are vigorous trees with an pod index of 19.27 pods/kg of seeds; the groups that presented better differential characteristics were group 2 with erect tree architecture, intermediate vigorousness, purple seed color and pod index of 20.07 pods/kg of seeds and group 3, which had the highest number of accessions with the lowest pod index of 18.77 pods/kg of seeds, besides being vigorous trees and having purple seeds. On the other hand, group 4 presented a particular characteristic of white seed color and high pod indexes with 22.11 pods/kg of seeds. Finally, group 5 accessions were characterized by intermediate tree architecture and vigor with an pod index of 21.3 pods/kg of seeds. The morphoagronomic characterization constitutes a first advance in the identification of cacaos with potential for genetic improvement and advances in the Peruvian chocolate industry.
Characterization of Coffea arabica L. parent plants and physicochemical properties of associated soils, Peru
(Cell Press, 2022-10-03) Alvarado Chuqui, Wigoberto; Bobadilla Rivera, Leidy Gheraldine; Valqui Valqui, Leandro; Silva Valqui, Gelver; Valqui Valqui, Lamberto; Vigo Mestanza, Carmen Natividad; Vásquez Pérez, Héctor Vladimir
It is important to carry out the morphological characterization of coffee parent plants and the physicochemical properties of the associated soils in the Amazon region, Peru, in order to achieve germplasm conservation. One hundred coffee mother plants were identified and located in five provinces of the region and evaluated according to morphological descriptors such as stipula shape, young leaf color, leaf shape, leaf apex shape, young shoot color, leaf color, fruit color, fruit shape, mature leaf color, and rust incidence percentage. In the plots where the parent plants were located, soil sampling was carried out to determine the physical and chemical properties. The varieties with the greatest presence in the five provinces were Típica and caturra roja, with the greatest number of specimens reported for the province of Bagua. The predominant stipule shape was triangular (91%), lanceolate leaf shape (60%) and red fruit color (90%). Bongará reported the lowest incidence of yellow rust, as well as the Mundo Novo Rojo variety. Soil pH ranged from acidic to neutral values, low electrical conductivity, high organic matter content, low phosphorus content, high potassium levels and medium cation exchange capacity. The predominant textural class was sandy loam. The physical and chemical characterization of the soils under study show favorable ranges to encourage the best development of coffee cultivation.
Effect of Endophytic Trichoderma sp. Strains on the Agronomic Characteristics of Ecotypes of Theobroma cacao L. under Nursery Conditions in Peru
(Hindawi, 2022-05-24) Chavez Jalk, Antony; Leiva, Santos; Bobadilla Rivera, Leidy Gheraldine; Vigo Mestanza, Carmen Natividad; Arce, Marielita; Oliva Cruz, Manuel
Peru is one of the main producers of fine aroma native cacao, expanding its areas considerably in recent years, which makes it necessary to seek adequate management alternatives to obtain advantageous yields. The present work had the objective of testing the influence of Trichoderma sp. endophytic strains on the agronomic characteristics of ecotypes of Theobroma cacao L. under nursery conditions, Cajaruro district, Utcubamba, Amazonas, Peru. The Trichoderma strains evaluated were Trichoderma breve; T. harzianum; T. longibrachatum; T. afrojarzianum, and Trichoderma sp. which were inoculated on cocoa seedlings of ecotypes CCN51; TCHS565; and nativo fino de aroma. The variables evaluated were chlorophyll indices (at 30, 45, 60, and 70 days after planting), percentage of endophyte colonization, root hair development, trichomes on stems, and agronomic characteristics (plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, root dry and fresh weight, root size, etc.). The results showed that the application of Trichoderma breve in the fine aroma native cocoa ecotype (T12) presented the highest chlorophyll index at 75 days after planting (DAP) with 43.53 +- 1.59 and 49.77 +- 2.42 for the apex and leaf base, respectively, with a percentage of colonization in the root hairs of 66.67%, and with better characteristics for the number of leaves with 12.00 +- 3.46. T12 showed positive influences for plant height, leaf number, and chlorophyll index. Treatments based on T. harzianum + CCN51 (T5) and T. afroharzianum + TSHS565 (T6) showed 100% colonization of the root hairs and trichomes on stems. Endophytic Trichoderma fungi are an alternative for organic production of fine aroma cocoa in Peru, improving the agronomic characteristics of the crop.
Evaluación morfoagronómica de 100 accesiones de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) por su respuesta a mildiu (Peronospora variabilis Gäum), rendimiento y contenido de saponina en Cusco, Perú
(Universidad de Colima, 2022-01-01) Estrada Zúniga, Rigoberto; Bobadilla Rivera, Leidy Gheraldine; Neyra Valdez, Edgar; Manotupa Tupa, Michael Bryan; Álvarez Caceres, Aquilino; Céspedes Florez, Elizabet
Objetivo: seleccionar accesiones de quinua como posibles diferenciales de reacción positiva a mildiu que identifiquen la variabilidad de Peronospora variabilis Gäum como patógeno recolectado en cinco departamentos y evaluado en Cusco. Materiales y métodos: se colectaron muestras de mildiu del altiplano (Puno), valles interandinos (Cusco, Apurímac, Ayacucho) y costa (Arequipa), obteniendo 175 muestras de mildiu. La instalación del experimento fue con 100 accesiones de quinua del Banco de Germoplasma de la EEAA en campos de cultivo durante dos campañas productivas; para su valoración se utilizaron descriptores de quinua y se evaluaron características agronómicas, rendimiento, reacción a mildiu (P. variabilis), área bajo la curva de crecimiento de la enfermedad (AUDPC, por sus siglas en inglés) y porcentaje de saponina. Además, se realizaron pruebas de virulencia y evaluaciones de severidad despues de inocular las accesiones de quinua con mildiu en invernadero. Resultados: la evaluación morfoagronómica permitió la selección como posibles diferenciales con reacción positiva a mildiu a los genotipos: RR.GG.41 para aislados de Ayacucho, RR.GG.09 para aislados de Apurímac, RR.GG.16 para aislados de Apurímac y Arequipa, RR.GG.57 para aislados de Puno y Apurímac, RR.GG.26 para aislados de Ayacucho y Apurímac, RR.GG.38 para aislados de Cusco y Arequipa RR.GG.43 para aislados de Puno y Arequipa, RR.GG.76 para aislados de Cusco y Arequipa y las accesiones de quinua RR.GG.11, RR.GG.22, RR.GG.55, RR.GG.64 para los 142 aislados que se logró obtener de las 175 muestras de los cinco departamentos. Conclusión: la identificación de doce posibles plantas diferenciales permite conocer la variabilidad del patógeno en los valles costeros, interandinos y altiplano.
Influence of the arboreal component in the productive and nutritional parameters of Brachiaria mutica grass in northeastern Peru
(MDPI, 2022-10-15) Valqui Valqui, Leandro; Lopez, Edvin L.; Lopez, Cesar A.; Valqui Valqui, Lamberto; Bobadilla Rivera, Leidy Gheraldine; Vigo Mestanza, Carmen Natividad; Vásquez Pérez, Héctor Vladimir
The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth (cm), yield (kg/m2), crude protein (CP %), crude fiber (CF %), ether extract (EE %), NDF (%), ADF (%), gross energy (GE kcal/kg), ELN (%), Ash (%), and in vitro digestibility (IVD %) of Brachiaria mutica grass; under three silvopastoral systems, guava (Inga edulis), poplar (Populus alba), and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus labill) and a treeless system (TS) in the northeast of peru. These were analyzed under a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and four repetitions, and the results were analyzed by analysis of variance (α = 0.05%) and Tukey’s means test (p ≤ 0.05). The SPS of guava showed higher growth at 30 days (59.57 cm), and the there was no difference between systems at 45 (98.43–107.14 cm), 60 (138.86–146.57 cm), and 75 days (159.81–165.67 cm); the highest yield at 30 days was for SPS with guava (0.41 kg/m2), at 45 and 60 days there was no difference (1.01–1.15 and 1.57–1.76 kg/m2), and at 75 days the highest yield was from TS (2.88 kg/m2); the nutritional composition was evaluated in two cut-off frequencies (30 and 75 days); for 30 days, the SPS with guava had a higher value for CP (16.03%), IVD (68.13%), and GE (4502 kcal/kg); the SPS with eucalyptus had a higher percentage for CF (21.08), NDF (33.17), FDA (56.42), and ash (7.74); the highest EE content was in the SPS with poplar (2.46%) and the TS presented the highest percentage of ELN (50.88); for 75 days, the SPS with guava presented a higher value for CP (13.61%), FDA (36.78), and GE (4504.33 kcal/kg), the SPS with eucalyptus had a higher percentage for CF (23.51) and ash (6.42), and the the SPS with poplar had the highest percentage of EE (2.24), ELN (59.18) FDN (62.67), and IVD (56.59).