Examinando por Autor "Romero Avila, Yolanda Madelein"

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Age-dependent changes in protist and fungal microbiota in a peruvian cattle genetic nucleus
(MDPI, 2024-08-14) Estrada Cañari, Richard; Romero Avila, Yolanda Madelein; Quilcate Pairazamán, Carlos Enrique; Dipaz Berrocal, Deisy Juana; Alejos Asencio, Carol Silvia; Leon Trinidad, Silvia Eliana; Alvarez García, Wesley Yusmein; Rojas, Diorman; Alvarado, Wigoberto; Maicelo Quintana, Jorge Luis; Arbizu, Carlos Irvin
In this research, the connection between age and microbial diversity in cattle was explored, revealing significant changes in both protist diversity and fungal microbiota composition with age. Using fecal samples from 21 Simmental cattle, microbial communities were analyzed through 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Results indicated significant differences in alpha protist diversity among the three age groups, while fungal composition varied notably with age and was linked to hematological parameters. Despite the stability of fungal alpha diversity, compositional changes suggest the gut as a stable niche for microbial colonization influenced by diet, clinical parameters, and microbial interactions. All cattle were maintained on a consistent diet, tailored to meet the specific nutritional needs of each age group. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding age-related microbial dynamics to enhance livestock management and animal health, contributing to broader ecological and biomedical research. This study was limited by the lack of comprehensive metabolic analyses correlating microbiota changes with specific age-related variations, indicating a need for further research in this área.
Effects of age in fecal microbiota and correlations with blood parameters in genetic nucleus of cattle
(MDPI, 2024-06-29) Estrada Cañari, Richard; Romero Avila, Yolanda Madelein; Figueroa Venegas, Deyanira Antonella; Coila, Pedro; Hañari Quispe, Renán Dilton; Aliaga, Mery; Galindo, Walter; Alvarado, Wigoberto; Casanova Nuñez-Melgar, David Pavel; Quilcate Pairazamán, Carlos Enrique
This study aimed to determine the impact of age on the fecal microbiota in the genetic nucleus of cattle, with a focus on microbial richness, composition, functional diversity, and correlations with blood parameters. Fecal and blood samples from 21 cattle were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Older cattle exhibited greater bacterial diversity and abundance, with significant changes in alpha diversity indices (p < 0.05). Beta diversity analysis revealed significant variations in microbial composition between age groups and the interaction of age and sex (p < 0.05). Correlations between alpha diversity, community composition, and hematological values highlighted the influence of microbiota on bovine health. Beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae, were more abundant in older cattle, suggesting a role in gut health. Functional diversity analysis indicated that younger cattle had significantly more abundant metabolic pathways in fermentation and anaerobic chemoheterotrophy. These findings suggest management strategies including tailored probiotic therapies, dietary adjustments, and targeted health monitoring to enhance livestock health and performance. Further research should include comprehensive metabolic analyses to better correlate microbiota changes with age-related variations, enhancing understanding of the complex interactions between microbiota, age, and reproductive status.
Soil depth and physicochemical properties influence microbial dynamics in the rhizosphere of two peruvian superfood trees, cherimoya and lucuma, as shown by PacBio-HiFi sequencing
(Nature Publishing Group, 2024-08-22) Estrada Cañari, Richard; Porras Valencia, Angie Tatiana; Romero Avila, Yolanda Madelein; Pérez Porras, Wendy Elizabeth; Vilcara Cárdenas, Edgardo Arturo; Cruz Luis, Juancarlos Alejandro; Arbizu Berrocal, Carlos Irvin
The characterization of soil microbial communities at different depths is essential to understand their impact on nutrient availability, soil fertility, plant growth and stress tolerance. We analyzed the microbial community at three depths (3 cm, 12 cm, and 30 cm) in the native fruit trees Annona cherimola (cherimoya) and Pouteria lucuma (lucuma), which provide fruits in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. We used PacBio-HiFi, a long-read high-throughput sequencing to explore the composition, diversity and putative functionality of rhizosphere bacterial communities at different soil depths. Bacterial diversity, encompassing various phyla, families, and genera, changed with depth. Notable differences were observed in the alpha diversity indices, especially the Shannon index. Beta diversity also varied based on plant type and depth. In cherimoya soils, positive correlations with Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) were observed, but negative ones with certain cations. In lucuma soils, indices like the Shannon index exhibited negative correlations with several metals and specific soil properties. We proposed that differences between the plant rhizosphere environments may explain the variance in their microbial diversity. This study provides insights into the microbial communities present at different soil depths, highlighting the prevalence of decomposer bacteria. Further research is necessary to elucidate their specific metabolic features and overall impact on crop growth and quality.