Capítulos de Libros

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://repositorio.inia.gob.pe/handle/20.500.12955/1935

Examinar

Mostrando 1 - 20 de 34

A microsatellite study on the genetic distance between suri and huacaya phenotypes in peruvian alpaca (Vicugna pacos)
(2012-01) La Manna, Vincenzo; La Terza, Antonietta; Dharaneedharan, S.; Ghezzi, Silvia; Arumugam Saravanaperumal, S.; Apaza, Nolberto; Huanca Mamani, Teodosio; Bozzi, Riccardo; Renieri, Carlo
Two coat phenotypes exist in alpaca: the Huacaya and the Suri. The two coats have different textile characteristics and different prices on the market. Although present scientific knowledge suggests a simple genetic model of inheritance, there is a tendency to manage and consider the two phenotypes as two different breeds. A 14-microsatellite panel was used in this study to assess genetic distance between Suri and Huacaya alpacas in a sample of non-related animals from two phenotypically pure flocks at the Illpa-Puno experimental station in Quimsachata. Peru. The animals are part of a germplasm established approximately 20 years ago and have been bred separately according to their coat type since then. Genetic variability parameters were also calculated. The codominant data was statistically analysed using the software Genalex 6.3, Phylip 3.69 and Fstat 2.9.3.2. The sample was tested for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and after strict Bonferroni correction only one locus (LCA37) showed deviation from equilibrium (P<0.05). Linkage disequilibrium (LD) was also tested and 9 loci associations showed significant disequilibrium. Observed heterozygosis (Ho= 0.766; SE=0.044), expected heterozygosis (He=0.769; SE=0.033), number of alleles (Na=9.667, SE=0.772) and Fixation index (F=0.004; SE=0.036) are comparable to data from previous studies. Measures of genetic distance were 0.06 forNei’s and 0.03 for Cavalli-Sforza’s. The analysis of molecular variance reported no existing variance between populations. Considering the origin of the animals, their post domestication evolution and the reproductive practices in place, the results suggest that there is no genetic differentiation between the two populations for the studied loci.
An algorithm oriented to the classification of quinoa grains by color from digital images
(Springer Nature, 2019-05-31) Quispe, Moisés; Arroyo, José; Kemper, Guillermo; Soto Jeri, Jonell
The present work proposes an image processing algorithm oriented to identify the coloration of the quinoa grains that make up the different samples obtained from the production of a crop field. The objective is to perform quality control of production based on the statistics of grain coloration, which is currently done manually based on subjective visual perception. This generates results that totally depend on the abilities and the particular criteria of each observer, generating considerable errors in the identification of the colors and tonalities. The problem is further complicated by the nonexistence, at present, of a pattern or standard of coloration of quinoa grains that specifically defines a referential color map. In this sense, through this work, an algorithm is proposed oriented to classify the grains of the acquired samples by their color via digital images and provide corresponding statistics for the quality control of the production. The algorithm uses the color models RGB, HSV and YCbCr, thresholding, segmentation by binary masks, erosion, connectivity, labeling and sequential classification based on 8 colors established by agronomists. The obtained results showed a performance of the proposed algorithm of 91.25% in relation to the average success rate.
Avances de la reforestación de la Amazonía peruana
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria - INIA, 1995) Seijas Dávila, Guiomar
Se utiliza la metodología del sistema de establecimiento de especies forestales en fajas de enriquecimiento, manejo de regeneración natural y sistema de establecimiento a campo abierto, principalmente de las especies: tornillo, ishpingo, cedro, caoba; así como también las experiencias de manejo de cultivos agroindustriales como frutales nativos (Camu Camu, pijuayo y arazá)
Bioactive Compounds of Camu-Camu (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh)
(Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy, 2019-10-24) Castro Gómez, Juan Carlos; Maddox, J. Dylan; Cobos Ruiz, Marianela; Paredes, Jae D.; Marapara del Aguila, Jorge Luis; Braga, Janeth; Imán Correa, Sixto Alfredo; Rodríguez, Hicler N.; Castro, Carlos G.
Camu-camu is a shrub, native to the Amazon that thrives in areas where flooding is frequent. Genetically, the plant is characterized by a diploid genome and moderate genetic diversity. Several parts of the plant are used in traditional folk medicine to treat a variety of acute and chronic diseases. For over 50 years, the exceptionally high vitamin C content of camu-camu has attracted worldwide attention that continues today because of the recent discovery of several health-promoting phytochemicals with corroborated biological activities (e.g., antioxidant, anti-obesity, antidiabetic). All of these beneficial attributes are well supported by in vitro and in vivo studies as well as human clinical trials. The metabolic precursors of these phytochemicals are synthesized in key metabolic pathways (i.e., the shikimate pathway, the mevalonate pathway). Of these metabolic pathways, we show details for the biosynthesis of betulinic acid, trans-resveratrol, and syringic acid. In conclusion, camu-camu is an exceptional plant for its ability to produce and accumulate significant amounts of a variety of health-promoting phytochemicals. Although several metabolic pathways responsible for the biosynthesis of these phytochemicals have been reconstructed based on fruit and seedling transcriptomes, detailed knowledge of the vast majority of metabolic pathways and their molecular regulatory mechanisms is lacking. Consequently, we must increase our knowledge of the metabolic processes using multi-omic approaches so that we can acquire the skills necessary to develop genetically improved varieties of camu-camu and implement biotechnological applications for the production of these bioactive phytochemicals.
Bioprospecting and exploration of extremophilic enzymes in bioremediation of wastewater polluted
(CRC Press, 2024-04-12) Hualpa Cutipa, Edwin; Solorzano Acosta, Andi; Alfaro Cancino, Milagros Estefani; Arquíñego Zárate, Fiorella Maité; Julca Santur, Nikol Gianella; Mayhua, María José; Castro Tena, Lucero Katherine
Water, covering three-quarters of the Earth, is crucial for life and ecosystems and is also essential in industrial processes. However, most aquatic environments are polluted due to the massive discharge of wastewater with high pollutant loads, which threatens ecosystem health. To mitigate this environmental impact, humans have tried various physical and chemical strategies, but increased wastewater and reagents have the disadvantage of generating more waste, making it an environmentally unsustainable problem. Governments are now focusing on integrating living organisms or biological treatments to reduce or mitigate pollutants in contaminated matrices. Microbial biodiversity is being studied through bioprospecting strategies and the search for new microorganisms capable of biodegrading pollutants. Extremophilic microbes, which have undergone evolutionary processes and exhibited adaptive traits, have the potential to transform harmful contaminants into beneficial resources and improve their tolerance mechanisms to complex pollutants. This chapter aims to provide updated information on sustainable wastewater bioremediation processes using extremophilic microorganisms and their enzymes, considering their properties, characteristics, stability, and biodegradation capacity. Genetic modifications and editions are also discussed to obtain biomolecules with greater versatility and efficacy
Camu-camu - Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh
(Academic Press, 2018-02-02) Castro Gómez, Juan Carlos; Maddox, J. Dylan; Imán Correa, Sixto Alfredo
Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh (common name camu-camu) is an Amazonian fruit shrub that produces several nutritional compounds such as essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Also, it contains several health-promoting phytochemicals with powerful antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties, due to phenolics, vitamin C, and betulinic acid. In addition, it has been shown to have hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, and antimalarial activity. Finally, it is best known for its high content of vitamin C.
Condiciones naturales del bosque húmedo tropical
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria - INIA, 1995) Ricse Tembladera, Auberto
Los bosques y las tierras de la zona tropical del mundo a través de la historia han estado sometidos a una utilización tradicional, o mejor dicho a la explotación de los recursos naturales, renovables y no renovables lo más rápido posible, sin tomar en cuenta las consecuencias a largo plazo, fundado por la creencia que de esta manera se logra rápidamente un desarrollo económico y social.
Development of silvopastoral systems in the Peruvian Amazon
(Springer Nature, 2023-12-01) Fuentes Navarro, Eduardo; Gómez, Carlos; Pizarro, Dante; Alegre, Julio; Castillo, Miguel S.; Vela, Jorge; Huamán, Ethel; Vásquez Pérez, Héctor Vladimir
Pasture-based livestock systems in the Peruvian Amazon region are characterized by degraded pastureland and their association with deforestation processes. Silvopastoral systems are an alternative to traditional tree-less pastures that has been recently developed and studied in this region of the country. This chapter provides information about the progress in the development of silvopastoral systems (SPS) in the Peruvian Amazon and the perspectives at national level for the next years. To accomplish these goals, we first review the experiences of establishing and evaluating SPS in five departments of the Peruvian Amazon. Then, we present a list of barriers for the implementation of SPS practices in the country and the current initiatives at the regional and national levels to promote and develop sustainable livestock production systems in the Peruvian Amazon region. We conclude that barriers such as available technology, capacity building, market access and associativity, financing and favorable environmental conditions need to be cleared first for the promotion and successful implementation of SPS in the Peruvian Amazon. Moreover, some of them need to be assumed by the producers, and others by the State at local, regional and national levels.
Diversidad genética de cacao en el Perú
(Bioversity International, 2023-09-30) Thomas, Evert; Imán Correa, Sixto Alfredo; Atkinson, Rachel; Zavaleta, Diego; Rodriguez, Carlos; Lastra, Sphyros; Murrieta, Edgardo; Farfán, Abel; Castro, Juan; Ramírez, José; Samanamud Curto, Angelo Francisco; Paredes Meneses, Cleydi; Arango, Karina; Cruz, Wilbert; Ramírez, Marleni; Zhang, Dapeng
El principal objetivo de este capítulo es dar a conocer la gran diversidad de cacaos que existen en el Perú para promover tanto su uso como su conservación. El capítulo demuestra que la mayoría de los diferentes cultivares tradicionales y grupos genéticos silvestres tienen una coherencia geográfica que permitirá la implementación de un sistema de denominación de origen para el cacao nativo peruano. Para poner en práctica dicho sistema es crítico tener identificado y tener acceso a materiales puros de cada grupo genético, para así poder apoyar a los agricultores, cooperativas y asociaciones, compradores, inversionistas o autoridades públicas, entre otros, en sus esfuerzos de producir y marquetear cacaos de calidad de origen nativo puro.
Ecología y silvicultura de Calycophyllum spruceanum, "Capirona del bajo"
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria - INIA, 1995) Soudré, Manuel
Presenta resultados del estudio de caracterización ecológica realizado en el bosque “Capironal de la C.C.N.N. de Callería, con miras a centralizar información básica orientadas en un corto plazo al manejo de rodales naturales y conducción de regeneración natural que constituyen una primera posibilidad de utilización de la “capirona” a gran escala en la región.
Efecto de la precipitación pluvial en la seja de selva y la zona alto andina de la región Puno sobre la producción ganadera de altura
(Göttingen University Press, 2019-07-02) Pineda, B.; Zeballos Cabana, Julio Cesar; Mamani Cato, Rubén Hebert; Huanca Mamani, Teodosio
El cambio climático se define como una modificación identificable y persistente del estado del clima por variabilidad natural o por efecto de la actividad humana. La zona altoandina se encuentra por encima de los 4,000 msnm (piso puna) abarca el mayor porcentaje de la superficie y se caracteriza por su alta vulnerabilidad a fenómenos climáticos adversos. La precipitación pluvial en la ceja de selva tomando como referencia al mes de agosto en promedio es de 76.3 mm incrementándose en los meses de lluvia y la zona altoandina en promedio es de18.5 mm y de forma irregular. El año 2016 se caracterizó por una severa sequía que no superó los 350 mm de precipitación pluvial, el seguimiento de 15 unidades productivas de comunidades campesinas nos permitió determinar que el número de afecciones dentro del hato (animales enfermos y muertos) llego hasta 11.34 %en los adultos y 35.12 % en las crías en comparación con año un normal (2012) y esta se debió a los escases de pastos y agua que afectó a las madres lactantes y en gestación. El porcentaje de abortos en alpacas llegó hasta 33.5 % y en llamas hasta18.21 % en comparación al promedio general en adultos que no supera el 2 % en un año normal. La aparición de enfermedades infecciosas en alpacas crías llegó hasta un 27.70 % en diarreas y en los adultos hasta un 24.50 % como la fiebre delas alpacas. Se concluye que una baja precipitación pluvial tiene un efecto negativo sobre la producción y productividad de las alpacas y llamas en la zona alto andina, no siendo manifiesto en la zona de ceja de selva.
Effect of oestradiol on embryo mortality in llamas
(Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2006-12-01) Huanca López, Wilfredo; Palomino, J.; Huanca Mamani, Teodosio
Effect of Technological alternatives in the mitigation of climate change in the aging of alpacas above 4,000 msnm Puno-Peru
(Göttingen University Press, 2019-07-02) Huanca Mamani, Tedosio; Mamani Cato, Ruben Hebert; Naveros Flores, Mary Luz; González Castillo, Mario Lino
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of technological alternatives in the mitigation of climate change in the breeding of alpacas over 4,000 meters above sea level. The validation study was conducted in 06 farming communities of two agroecological zones of the Puno region. The variables under study were weight at birth, weight at weaning, weight of fleece, pregnancy and mortality percentage, during 2014 in which no technological alternatives were applied, while in 2015 and 2016 this set was applied of alternatives. The data were analyzed in a completely randomized design using the SAS statistical software version 9.4. The results show that the birth weights were of 6.01, 6.254 and 6.83 kg for the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively (p <0.05). The weaning weights were of 29.02, 29.73 and 30.99 kg for the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively (p <0.05). The fleece weights were 2.28, 2.35 and 2.75 kg for the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively (p <0.05). The pregnancy percentages were of 68.33, 72.84 and 83.77 % in the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively. The mortality percentages were 10.39, 5.11 and 2.44 % for the years 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively (p<0.05). The set of technological alternatives applied during the years 2015 and 2016 had a significant effect on the birth weight, weaning weight, fleece weight, pregnancy percentage and mortality of the alpacas.
Effects of earthworms on soil organic matter and nutrient dynamics at a landscape scale over decades
(CRC Press, 2004-03-29) Lavelle, Patrick; Charpentier, Fabienne; Villenave, Cécile; Rossi, Jean Pierre; Derouard, Laurent; Pashanasi Amasifuen, Beto; Andre, Jean; Ponge, Jean François; Bernier, Nicolas
After several decades of unquestioned success, agriculture is now facing important global problems. Huge increases in productivity in developed countries have been accompanied by a severe depletion of “soil quality” in terms of resistance to erosion, organic contents, concentrations of heavy metals, and pesticide residues. Agricultural intensification in developing countries has been less successful because of various socioeconomic limitations. Nevertheless, traditional agricultural practices do not conserve the quality of soils; stocks of organic matter are rapidly becoming depleted, and erosion removes fine particles from the soil surface horizons. In a context of increasing human population pressures, particularly in developing countries, this degradation of soils results in many social and environmental problems (Eswaran 1994; FAO 2000). Features common to all kinds of soil degradation are a significant decrease in organic reserves, degradation of the soil structure, and severe depletion of soil invertebrate communities, especially earthworms (Decaëns et al. 1994; Lavelle et al. 1994).
Embryo mortality and its relation with the phase of follicular development at mating in alpaca
(Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2006-12-01) Huanca López, Wilfredo; Cervantes, Miriam; Huanca Mamani, Teodosio
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relation between the phase of follicular development (growth, maintenance or regression) during mating with embryo mortality to day 35-post mating. 116 alpacas ≥ 3 years of age were examined daily by transrectal ultrasonography (Aloka SSD 500) using a 7.5 MHz linear-array transducer to evaluate follicular status and then assigned to the following groups G1: Growing follicle 5 - 6 mm (n = 27); G2: Growing ≥ 7 mm.(n=30); G3 Maintenance ≥ 7 mm. (n = 30); G4 Regressing follicle ≥7 mm. (n= 29). Ultrasounds examinations were performed on days 0, 2, 9, 20, 25, 30 and 35 to determine occurance of ovulation (day 2); Corpus Luteum diameter (CL (day 9) and presence of embryonic vesicle or embryo (day 20 to 35). Male acceptance, ovulation and conception rate was compared by Chi Square test between groups. Acceptance rate was 100% in groups G2,G3 and G4 but only 81.5% of animals of G1 with follicle of 6 mm. accepted mating. Ovulation rate was 95.5; 96.7; 100.0 and 96.6% in G1; G2; G3 and G4, respectively (P > 0.05) and no differences were detected between groups in CL diameter. Conception rate on day 20 was 57.1; 68.9; 60.0 and 50.0% for G1; G2; G3 and G4 (P > 0.05). Embryonic loss rates from day 20 to 35 were not significantly different between groups. This result suggest that the status of follicular development at mating would not have influence on embryo mortality rate between day 20 and 35 of gestation in alpacas and that animals that accepted mating in all phase, including the one with follicle of 6 mm diameter present similar reproductive performance.
Embryo transfer in camelids: Study of a reliable superovulatory treatment in llamas
(Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2006-12-01) Huanca López, Wilfredo; Ratto, Marcelo; Santiani Acosta, Alexei Vicent; Cordero, Aida; Huanca Mamani, Teodosio
Estado del arte de la quinua en el mundo en 2013: Perú
(2014) Gómez Pando, L.; Mujica, Ángel; Chura Parisaca, Eusebio; Canahua, A.; Perez Avila, Angel Agustin; Tejada Campos, Toribio Nolberto; Villantoy Palomino, Abraham; Pocco, M.; Gonzales, V.; Marca, S.; Ccoñas, W.
La quinua es uno de los granos alimenticios utilizados en el Perú desde épocas remotas y fue uno de los cultivos básicos junto con el maíz, la papa y las raíces y tubérculos andinos antes de la época prehispánica. Aproximadamente 500 años después de la conquista española, el área cultivada se redujo en forma significativa, especialmente en los valles interandinos de la sierra central y norte, manteniéndose su cultivo en forma continua en el Altiplano de Puno, en sistemas de cultivo ancestrales o aynokas que permitieron conservar la diversidad genética. En el resto de la sierra se produjo una erosión genética y cultural del cultivo de la quinua. Es en la década de los 2000 donde se desarrolla un mercado de consumo estable de la quinua en el mercado internacional y nacional con precios adecuados que ha impulsado el cultivo de la quinua a niveles de importancia económica. Con la revaloración de la quinua se inicia un crecimiento paulatino de la superficie, la cual está entre 70 a 80% localizada en Puno y el 20 a 30% en los valles interandinos y zonas altas del resto de la Sierra; iniciándose su cultivo en la región de la costa con rendimientos que superan los 7000 kg/ha. Paralelamente al crecimiento del área y mercado se realizaron trabajos de investigación en tecnologías de cultivo, mejoramiento y procesamiento de la quinua. Actualmente el Perú es uno de los principales países productores y exportadores de quinua. En el 2012, la superficie cultivada con quinua alcanzó las 38495 ha, con un rendimiento promedio nacional de 1149 y una producción total de 44,210 toneladas.
Estimación de la heredabilidad de seis caracteres de calidad de fibra de alpacas huacaya del INIA Puno
(Göttingen University Press, 2019-07-02) Mamani Cato, Rubén Hebert; Huanca Mamani, Tedosio; Pineda Serruto, Martín Equicio; Naveros Flores, Mary Luz; Gallegos, R.
El objetivo fue estimar las heredabilidades de seis caracteres de calidad de fibra de alpacas Huacaya a la primera esquila del banco de germoplasma del Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, ubicado en el departamento de puno a una altitud de 4,200 metros en la zona agroecológica de puna seca. La base de datos constó de 9,114 registros de fibra y fueron analizados con el analizador óptico del diámetro de fibra (OFDA, IWTO-47-95) en el laboratorio de fibras del IVITA Maranganí. Para estimar los componentes de varianza del diámetro de fibra, desviación estándar del diámetro de fibra, factor de confort, coeficiente de variabilidad del diámetro de fibra, longitud de mecha y peso vellón se utilizó el modelo animal unicaracter y = Xb + Zu + e, donde y es el vector de observaciones, b es el vector de efectos fijos (sexo, color y mes-año de esquila) la edad en días se consideró como covariable lineal, u es el vector que representa el efecto genético aditivo, e es el vector de residuales; X y Z son las matrices de incidencia de efectos fijos y aleatorios respectivamente. Los componentes de varianza fueron estimados por el método de Máxima Verosimilitud Restringida (REML) utilizando el programa VCE versión 6.0.2. La heredabilidad estimada para el Diámetro de fibra fue de alta magnitud 0.540±0.087; para el resto de caracteres fue de media magnitud siendo para la Desviación estándar 0.311±0.089, Factor de confort 0.278±0.077, Coeficiente de variabilidad 0.291±0.089, Peso vellón 0.158±0.027 y Longitud de mecha 0.268±0.081. Se concluye que es posible obtener una buena respuesta a la selección para los seis caracteres de calidad de fibra en alpacas Huacaya.
Estudio tecnológico de especies de plantaciones forestales
(Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria - INIA, 1995) Reyes Inca, Pedro Pablo
Un buen manejo forestal involucra un nivel apropiado de procesamiento y de valor agregado a la madera producida. El monto en intensidad del procesamiento variará de acuerdo a las condiciones locales, incluyendo el acceso a los mercados, las habilidades y el capital disponible, y a la escala de la operación y las normas locales.
From neglect to limelight: Issues, methods and approaches in enhancing sustainable conservation and use of Andean grains in Bolivia and Peru
(kassel university press GmbH, 2009-01-31) Rojas, Wilfredo; Valdivia, Roberto; Padulosi, Stefano; Pinto, Milton; Soto, José Luis; Alcócer, Elsa; Guzmán, Lorena; Estrada Zúniga, Rigoberto; Apaza Mamani, Vidal; Bravo, Rosario
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), cañihua (C. pallidicaule Aellen) and amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.) are staple crops for millions of people in the Andes (NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 1989, HOLLE 1991, JACOBSEN et al. 2003). Their nutritional content (high quality proteins and good micronutrient profile), hardiness, good adaptability to environmental stresses, versatility in use, and rich associated food culture and traditions are among the reasons for their widespread use by the native civilizations of the Andes over millennia. The role of these species as a staple food has however dramatically changed in the last fifteen years due to their poor economic competitiveness with commodity cereal crops, lack of improved varieties or enhanced cultivation practices, drudgery in processing and value addition, disorganized or non-existent market chains as well as a negative image as “food of the poor” (QUEROL 1988, TAPIA et al. 1992, PADULOSI et al. 2003). Less nutritious, but more practical and trendier products made of wheat, maize and rice have been replacing Andean grains in the diets of millions of people across Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador, countries whose history has been intimately linked to the domestication and use of these ancient crops (PEARSALL 1992). The reduced use of Andean grains has been accompanied by the loss of their genetic diversity with important, albeit less obvious, repercussions for the livelihoods of Andean communities in terms of reduced sustainability and resilience of local agricultural systems, wasted opportunities for improving food and nutrition security, impoverishment of local cultures resulting in reduced self esteem and identity of people (BRESSANI, 1993, KRALJEVIC 2006). As with minor millets in South Asia or leafy vegetables in sub-Saharan Africa (ONIANG’O et al., 2006), the case of Andean grains is representative of the limits of the Green Revolution approach, which concentrated its efforts on global commodity crops, missing out hundreds of other valuable species of regional or local importance and of great value to people’s livelihoods (PADULOSI 2008). The recognition that agricultural biodiversity is a strategic asset in people’s lives has promoted over the last fifteen years or so, the rediscovery of those so-called neglected and underutilized species (NUS) crops which, as in the case of Andean grains, have for too long faced marginalization from the Research and Development sector, which has not supported their continued and effective use (PADULOSI and HOESCHLE-ZELEDON 2008). Several projects and collaborative research frameworks at national and international level have been launched in support of NUS, contributing to a re-focussing of needed and deserved attention on these ‘forgotten crops’. To that end, an important role in demonstrating the value of NUS and the development of best practices, methodologies and tools for their use enhancement is being played by the ‘IFAD-NUS Project’, the first UN-supported global effort dedicated solely to the use enhancement of NUS, including quinoa, cañihua and amaranth, tackled through international participatory, multi-stakeholder and multi-disciplinary efforts. This article reports on the work implemented by the project in Bolivia and Peru over the last seven years, highlighting significant approaches, experiences and outputs as well as challenges and experiences during the implementation of the project, which could be valuable lessons for other similar endeavors in support of NUS.

Examinar

Examinando Capítulos de Libros por Título